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1987-08-22
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DSZ(DOS) Omen Technology DSZ(DOS)
NAME
dsz - ZMODEM, YMODEM, XMODEM file transfer subprogram
SYNOPSIS
dsz [CON] [port N] [speed S] [handshake XX] [d] command
DESCRIPTION
Dsz uses the ZMODEM, YMODEM, or XMODEM protocol to transfer
files over a serial port with a variety of programs.
ZMODEM Transfers feature 32 bit CRC, crash recovery, and
advanced file management.
True YMODEM(TM) transfers preserve exact file length and
modification time.
Dsz supports XMODEM-1k (XMODEM with 1024 byte blocks,
sometimes mislabeled YMODEM) and CRC-16 with the sx -k and
rc commands.
Dsz is derived from Omen Technology's Professional-YAM
communications software, (also published by POLYTRON Corp of
Hillsboro Oregon as PowerCom(TM)), and supports a subset of
Pro-YAM's file transfer related commands. This
documentation makes extensive references to contemporary
editions of the ZCOMM or Pro-YAM manual, and is incomplete
without it.
Dsz is designed to be called from a communications bulletin
board program. Dsz may also be called from other
communications programs, but the combination lacks much of
the power of a communications program with integrated
ZMODEM.
Dsz uses its own modem I/O. The original interrupt vector,
UART parity, interrupt configuration, and 8259 interrupt
mask are restored on exit.
Dsz uses DOS standard output (stdout) for messages, it does
not write directly to the screen. Dsz expects its standard
output to point to the console, a logging file, or NUL, not
the modem port. If necessary, dsz's standard output may be
redirected to the console device with the CON command. If
dsz's standard output has been redirected to the modem (as
with ProComm's Host mode DOS shell), failure to use the CON
command may lock up the computer.
Dsz exits with 0 status for successful transfers, or the
value of the Q parameter (default 1) if a file transfer
failed. Some languages do not return this information to
the calling program. A batch file that calls dsz directly
may be used to detect the dsz exit status, or dsz's log file
Page 1 (printed 8/22/87)
DSZ(DOS) Omen Technology DSZ(DOS)
entries may be examined.
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
DSZLOG
log file to receive entries for files sent and
received. (Default null). Sample entries:
Z 46532 38400 bps 3324 cps 0 errors 66 1024 DSZ.COM
Z 124087 19200 bps 1880 cps 0 errors 6 1024 MXY.TMP
Transfer times are based on the DOS time of day clock
and have one second jitter. As with all protocol
throughput reports generated by Omen Technology
programs (and contrary to the false claims of some
critics), dsz's throughput figures for ZMODEM, Kermit,
and True YMODEM(TM) transfers do not take "credit" for
pathname or protocol overhead characters. Dsz's
throughput reports do not include the time required to
send the pathname. This understates the true time
required to transfer files, but the time required to
send the pathname often depends on the alacrity of the
operator, and thus does not always reflect the
performance of the protocol itself.
Transfers measuring less than one second are reported
as having 9999 characters per second throughput.
The unlabeled numeric field after the error (retry)
count is the number of flow control stoppages
encountered sending the file. This number gives an
indication of flow control restrictions (overloaded
networks, etc.).
The last numeric field is the block or subpacket length
used for the last block in the file.
The code letter indicates the type of transfer, Z
(ZMODEM), S (X/YMODEM), R (X/YMODEM), E (error), or L
(transfer terminated by loss of data carrier).
DIRSIZE
Memory to allocate for wildcard file name expansion,
default 1495 bytes.
DSZPORT
Default communications port override, default 1.
COMMANDS
Dsz commands are an improper subset of Pro-
YAM/PowerCom/ZCOMM commands. Except as noted, all commands
must be in lower case.
Unlike ZCOMM, PowerCom, and Pro-YAM, dsz does not support
ZMODEM AutoDownload and ZMODEM command download with ZMODEM
Page 2 (printed 8/22/87)
DSZ(DOS) Omen Technology DSZ(DOS)
security challenge. (AutoDownload is a pleasant user
interface that recognizes the start of a file download and
automatically starts the correct file transfer protocol.
Please refer to the ZCOMM/PowerCom/Pro-YAM user manual for
details on this powerful and convenient feature.) Dsz does
not support OverThruster(TM), Kermit, Kermit AutoDownload,
Super Kermit, B Protocol, the traditional XMODEM variants
MODEM7, Telink, WXMODEM, and Clink/SEAlink supported by
Pro-YAM/PowerCom/ZCOMM.
Interrupt keys:
Ctrl-Break
Terminates the transfer in progress.
ALT-N
Abruptly terminates (NUKES) the transfer in progress.
When used, the CON, port, speed, handshake, and d commands
must be given in the order shown.
CON Redirect message output to the DOS "CON" (console)
device, overriding any previous redirections.
handshake XX
Enable one of several choices of hardware handshake.
(The default is XOFF/XON software handshake). This
command is documented in the ZCOMM or Pro-YAM manual.
port N
select port N (n = 1,2,3,4 ... 8) Default is port 1
(COM1) or read from the DSZPORT dos environment
variable.
speed S
Set the specified speed. This command is rarely needed
because dsk reads the port's current speed by default.
Please refer to to the FLOW CONTROL, MAIN COMMANDS and
SOFTWARE COEXISTENCE chapters in the ZCOMM or Pro-YAM
manual for important information about the speed
command.
d Disables carrier dropout monitoring, for modems that do
not properly drive the "Data Carrier Detect" input on
the PC.
LARG Convert ARG to lower case, then parse arg.
pxN Set a numeric parameter x to N. These parameters are a
subset of the Pro-YAM or ZCOMM numeric parameters, and
are listed below. They assume their defaults each time
dsz is called. Without an argument, p displays the
numeric parameters and their values.
z pxN
Set zmodem numeric parameter x to N. These parameters
correspond to the Pro-YAM or ZCOMM "zmodem" parameters
and rarely need changing. These parameters assume
their defaults each time dsz is called. Without an
Page 3 (printed 8/22/87)
DSZ(DOS) Omen Technology DSZ(DOS)
argument, z p displays the zmodem numeric parameters
and their values.
restrict
Restrict pathnames to the current disk and directory
tree, and disallows overwriting of existing files.
t Talk with ZMODEM AutoDownload. A small subset of Pro-
YAM term function subcommands are recognized. Keyboard
F1 or ALT-X to exit. F3 receives file(s) with True
YMODEMTm, ALT-P toggles parity between the 8N default
and 8G (enables ANSI "graphics"). ALT-H toggles two
local echo ("Half Duplex") modes; the second displays a
newline on Enter. Keyboarded ASCII characters are sent
to the modem. Modem characters print on the screen. A
device driver such as ANSI.SYS may be used to recognize
escape sequences. ZMODEM AutoDownload detects the
start of a ZMODEM file download and accepts the file(s)
without operator intervention.
sz [-abenprY+y] [PREFIX=p | ONAME=n] file ...(ZMODEM)
sb [-k] [PREFIX=p | ONAME=n] file ... (YMODEM or
ZMODEM)
sx [-k] file1 (XMODEM or XMODEM/CRC)
rz [-abenpr+Yy] [dir] [file ...] (ZMODEM)
rb [-ab+y] [dir] [file ...] (YMODEM)
rb -g
[-ab+y] [dir] [file ...] (YMODEM-G)
rc [-ab+y] file1 (XMODEM/CRC)
rx [-ab+y] file1 (XMODEM)
PARAMETERS
Dsz uses the following main numeric parameters, settable
with the pxN command. In addition, dsz uses the Pro-
YAM/ZCOMM zmodem numeric parameters described in the Pro-
YAM/ZCOMM manual.
B Set the size of buffer used for disk reads and writes.
The default is 1024, 8192 maximum. A larger value may
give better results when sending files to or from from
sluggish floppy disk systems. Too large a value will
exhaust memory or induce receiver timeouts. This
parameter is supported on versions compiled with
TurboC.
Q Error code returned to DOS (default 1). (Success
returns 0.) Some programs toss cookies with when
confronted with certain exit codes.
S Timeout in seconds waiting for restraint release (XON
and/or handshake).
W Wait for Enter key before exiting after an error.
Useful when calling dsz from DESQview, allows the
window to close unless there is an error message that
should remain visible.
a Calibrates certain protocol timeouts used with XMODEM
and YMODEM transfers (Cybernetic Data Recovery(TM)).
Page 4 (printed 8/22/87)
DSZ(DOS) Omen Technology DSZ(DOS)
The a numeric parameter is automatically set to 2000
for a 4.77 mHz PC or XT, 4000 for a PS2/30, 6000 for an
8 mHz 1ws AT, and 12000 for a PS2/80. If your computer
has a speedup card or otherwise runs unusually fast (or
slow!) for its type, you should set the a numeric
parameter to a value that reflects its speed.
v Verbose level (debugging output) Negative values
inhibit some routine messages
z Timezone in minutes behind GMT
BACKGROUND OPERATION
Three DESQview description files are provided to demonstrate
background operation with modest (66 kb window) memory
requirements. Dsz uses tight C/ASM code, table driven CRC
generators, and buffered receive and transmit for good
performance in the background without hogging CPU cycles.
On a QIC Labs PC-AT clone, dsz can download files in the
background (3 background clock ticks, 9 foreground clock
ticks) with a throughput better than 9600 bps.
2S Prompts for file name(s) and sends them with ZMODEM
protocol.
2T Talks to the modem and allows manual YMODEM (F3) or
automatic ZMODEM downloads.
2A Like 2T, but using Quarterdeck's dvansi.com memory
resident ANSI CRT device driver to process ANSI screen
codes. DS.BAT is the batch file used by 2A.
These files are written for port 2 local connection,
but may be modified to suit your requirements.
Operation at high speed (above 9600 bps) requires the
DESQview "Optimize communications" performance Advanced
Setup option.
FLOW CONTROL
Please refer to the Pro-YAM, PowerCom, or ZCOMM manual FLOW
CONTROL chapter for important information on flow control
considerations necessary for proper operation of ZMODEM and
other streaming protocols with buffered (error correcting)
Page 5 (printed 8/22/87)
DSZ(DOS) Omen Technology DSZ(DOS)
modems and/or networks.
EXAMPLES
dsz sz c:foo.* b:*.c (send files)
dsz sz -r zmodem.arc (CRASH RECOVERY: resume
interrupted transfer)
dsz handshake both sz zmodem.arc (Hardware+Software
handshake)
dsz sz -n *.* (send files that are newer or
rx has no copy)
dsz sz -Yn *.* (Only send files that are
newer than receiver's copy)
(Do not send files
that do not exist on receiver's disk)
dsz rz C:/UPLOADS (receive files to specified
directory)
dsz port 2 speed 38400 restrict rz
dsz rz -y prog.arc (ZMODEM, single file pathname
override)
dsz z pr1 rx foo.dat (XMODEM receive, remove file
if error)
DSZ LRC L-Y NEWPROG.ARC (generate lower case "rc -y"
command)
dsz pv2 sz foo >debug.dmp (Debugging data dump)
ERROR MESSAGES
Dsz's error messages are a subset of Pro-YAM's error
messages which are listed in the Pro-YAM manual. A
perplexing, cryptic message comes from the Microsoft C
Library: "Permission denied". This may be caused by
attempts to modify a read only file or directory.
SEE ALSO
Consult the Professional-YAM, PowerCom, or ZCOMM manual
chapter "OPTIONS FOR FILE TRANSFERS" for option meanings.
The "FILE TRANSFER BASICS" chapter explains the relative
merits of XMODEM, YMODEM, ZMODEM, and other protocols and
gives tips on their use. The "MAIN COMMANDS" chapter
describes the rb, rx, rc, rz, sb, and sz commands. The
"MODEM INTERFACING" and "FLOW CONTROL" chapters contain
important information on the use of buffered modems with
dsz.
Page 6 (printed 8/22/87)
DSZ(DOS) Omen Technology DSZ(DOS)
Information on the ZMODEM Inter Application File Transfer
Protocol may be found in ZMODEM.DOC, part of ZMODEM.ZOO.
C Source code for XMODEM, YMODEM, and ZMODEM transfers is
included in RZSZ.ZOO. This file includes a Pro-YAM/ZCOMM
script to upload a bootstrap file to a Unix system, force
its compilation, and (if the compilation is successful)
upload the rz/sz source files.
NOTES
Some XMODEM programs claiming to support YMODEM do not send
or accept the YMODEM pathname block. 1024 byte XMODEM is
XMODEM-1k, not YMODEM. 1987 versions of YMODEM.DOC clarify
the official YMODEM definition.
When running under ProComm's Host mode, failure to use the
CON command may lock up the computer. ProComm must be set
to "8N1" to prevent it from disrupting DSZ.
When installing dsz on a bulletin board or host system, be
sure to check for proper operation when the caller hangs up
while a file is being sent or recieved.
32 bit CRC code courtesy Gary S. Brown.
Cybernetic Data Recovery(TM), Error Containment(TM),
OverThruster(TM), Password Guardian(TM), CryptoScript(TM),
and TurboDial(TM) are Omen Technology trademarks.
PowerCom was trademarked in 1985 by POLYTRON Corporation,
Hillsboro Oregon.
Dsz and this documentation are Copyright 1987 by Omen
Technology Inc, all rights reserved. True YMODEM(TM) is an
Omen Technology Trademark signifying YMODEM protocol support
that meets the full YMODEM specification.
FILES
ZCOMMDOC.ARC, ZCOMMEXE.ARC, ZCOMMHLP.ARC, ZMODEM.ZOO
(zmodem.arc), RZSZ.ZOO (rzsz.arc) (Unix/Xenix source code),
2S-PIF.DVP, 2A-PIF.DVP, DS.BAT, 2T-PIF.DVP DSZ.COM, DSZ.DOC
(this file).
DSZ.EXE compiled with the Xenix to DOS XC provides
moderately higher maximum throughput (1700 vs 1300 cps
downloading to a 4.77 mHz XT). The speed difference is a
function of the compiler, the source code is the same. The
Xenix XC version requires more memory, and does not support
file sharing or a large I/O buffer. This version is
available in DSZEXE.ZOO.
ZCOMM and Pro-YAM also run at a higher speed than DSZ.
Page 7 (printed 8/22/87)
DSZ(DOS) Omen Technology DSZ(DOS)
Incompatible batch files may cause dsz to fail.
LICENSE
Dsz is a user supported program written by Chuck Forsberg.
This documentation file must be provided with all copies of
DSZ except by written permission from Omen Technology Inc.
Dsz may not be modified or sold without prior written
permission by Omen Technology Inc. Distribution of dsz in
an archive without this documentation file constitutes an
unauthorized modification.
When dsz is distributed on disk, a contemporary copy of
ZCOMMDOC.ARC must be included on the same disk.
Dsz may be freely used and copied by bulletin board systems
which feature the ZCOMM files (ZCOMMEXE.ARC, ZCOMMDOC.ARC,
ZCOMMHLP.ARC) for downloading. Dsz may be registered
without charge by sending your bulletin board's telephone
number and a valid login to
Omen Technology Inc.
P.O. Box 4681
Portland, OR 97231.
Dsz registration and a diskette with current versions of the
ZCOMM files will be mailed upon validation.
Other users may register their copy of dsz with a check for
$20.00 sent to the same address.
The registration package includes a serial number and
installation program which bypasses the solicitation
display.
The putsnp program inserts YOUR DSZ, ZCOMM, PowerCom, or
Pro-YAM Serial Number Password (SNP) into you copy of DSZ:
putsnp dsz.com
Putsnp accepts your SNP and asks appropriate questions
before inserting the SNP.
CHANGES
Protocol transfer timing has been modified to depend less on
the "a" numeric parameter. The procedure described in some
editions of the Pro-YAM manual for adjusting the "a" numeric
parameter does not apply to current software versions.
Versions after March 1987 buffer both transmitted and
received data, providing enhanced throughput with multi
tasking systems such as DESQview.
Versions compiled with TurboC support the B numeric
parameter and code to allow file sharing on transmitted
Page 8 (printed 8/22/87)
DSZ(DOS) Omen Technology DSZ(DOS)
files.
The t (Talk) command and W parameter have been added to make
background operation with DESQview more pleasant.
The 7-20-87 version corrects a bug in the ZMODEM protocol
that could allow a CRC error near the end of file to induce
a protocol breakdown. All previous versions of DSZ should
be replaced.
The 7-22-87 version uses the TurboC Tiny model to allow the
program to run in less memory.
The 8-02-87 version adds the "Q" numeric parameter for the
benefit of certain programs that choke when a subprogram
exits with a 1 code. Turbo C versions now use the "B"
numeric parameter for binary downloads. The UART parity
setting is restored on exit.
The "Y" option and three log file fields were added to the
8-09-87 version.
Recovery from line hits concident with skipping files and
XMODEM-CRC fallback to checksum were fixed in the 8-21-87
version. The sz command fallback to YMODEM has been
eliminated to improve reliability.
Page 9 (printed 8/22/87)